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Chii chinonzi machined zvikamu zvepamusoro roughness
2021/07/06
Chiimichina zvikamupamusoro roughness
1, Chii chinonzi kusagadzikana kwepamusoro?
Zvigadzirwa zvemuchinaSurface Roughness (Surface Roughness) ndiyo yatinoti kusanzwisisika kwepasi mukuyera kwedu kwemazuva ese, uko kunogona kunzwisiswa sekusaenzana kwenzvimbo dzakanaka uye nhongonya diki nemipata mumabasa ekugadzirisa zvigadzirwa.
Inowanzo rondedzerwa sediki diki pakati pemakomo maviri kana minwe yemupata (wave nzvimbo). Pakati pese, iyo nzvimbo yekumusoro iri mukati me1mm kana pasi. Iyo inogona zvakare kutsanangurwa seyero yeiyo micro-mbiri, inowanzozivikanwa seyemicro-kukanganisa kukosha. .
Kupfupisa, iwe unogona kunge uchitova neruzivo rwekuomarara, saka zvinotevera zvirimo ndezvimwe zvakadzama ongororo.
Isu tinowanzo tarisa hukasha neyekutanga. Nzvimbo yepamusoro pamusoro pechinhu chekutanga inonzi crest point, uye nzvimbo yepazasi iri pazasi peiyo yekutanga inonzi nzvimbo yekudyira. Ipapo kukwirira pakati pechigubhu uye muchimiro kunomiririrwa naZ, unova iwo mutaro pakati penzvimbo diki dzechigadzirwa. Isu tinoshandisa S kuratidza.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, saizi yeS kukosha inotsanangurwa mumatanho ekusimbisa emunyika:
S＜1mm inotsanangurwa seyakaomarara pamusoro
1â ‰ ¤Sâ ‰ mm10mm inotsanangurwa sekumuka kwepamusoro
China yenyika metrological verification standard inotaura kuti: pasi peyakajairika mamiriro, matatu ma paramita eVDA3400, Ra, Rmax anoshandiswa kuongorora kumeso kwekumusoro kweiyo ongororo, uye iyo yekuyera unit inowanzo kuratidzwa muna μm.
Hukama hweyero yekuongorora
Ra rinotsanangurwa sevhareji yeasvomhu kutsauka kweiyo curve (avhareji hukasha), Rz inotsanangurwa seyakaenzana kureba kwekusaenzana, uye Ry inotsanangurwa sehurefu hwakakwirira. Iyo yakakwira kukwirira mutsauko Ry yeiyo micro mbiri inomiririrwawo neRmax mune mamwe matanho.
Ndokumbira utarise kune tafura inotevera yehukama chaihwo pakati paRa naRmax:
fomu: Ra, Rmax paramende kuenzanisa (um)
2 Iko kumeso kwepamusoro kunoumbwa sei?
Iko kuumbwa kwepamusoro kurwisa kunokonzerwa nekugadziriswa kweiyo workpiece. Iyo yekugadzirisa nzira, iko iko kweiyo workpiece, uye maitiro acho ese maficha emufananidzo wepasi kukakama.
Semuenzaniso, kune madhayeti ekuyerera pamusoro pechikamu chakagadziriswa panguva yemagetsi kubuda machining.
Iyo yekugadzirisa tekinoroji uye izvo zvemukati zvezvikamu zvakasiyana, uye kunewo zvakare akasiyana misiyano mumicroscopic mamaki akasara pamusoro pezvikamu zvakagadziriswa, senge (density, kudzika, shanduko yechimiro, nezvimwewo).
3 Mhedzisiro yehukasha hwepamusoro pane yekushandira
Pfeka kuramba kwesebasa
Kufambisa kugadzikana
Kuneta simba
Ngura nemishonga
Kusimba
Bata kuomarara
kuyerwa kwakarurama
...
Kupfeka, kudziya kwakapisa uye kusagadzikana kwekubata, kuratidzika uye kuita kwemwaranzi, kuyerera uye gasi kuyerera kuramba, kuyerera kwazvino pane iwo conductor pamusoro, nezvimwe zvese zvichave nematanho akasiyana pesimba.
4 Kuongorora hwaro hwekupenga kwepamusoro
â ‘Kureba kwekuenzanisira
Kureba kwechikamu cheparamu imwe neimwe, kureba kwesampuli ndiko kureba kwetambo yekuongorora yekutarisa kumeso kwepamusoro. Kazhinji shandisa 0.08mm, 0.25mm, 0.8mm, 2.5mm, 8mm sehurefu hwehurefu pasi peiyo ISO1997 standard.
Kureba urefu
Inosanganisira yehurefu hweN. Iko kusanzwisisika kwepamusoro kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe chechinhu chemukati hakugone kunyatso kuratidza kwechokwadi kukosora parameter pane chirevo kureba, asi N sampling urefu hunodiwa kuti uongorore huso hwepamusoro. Pasi peiyo ISO1997 standard, iyo urefu hwekuyera kazhinji N yakaenzana ne5.
â ‘¢ Baseline
Iyo yekutanga ndiyo yepakati mutsetse weiyo mbiri yekuongorora roughness parameter. Kazhinji, pane mashoma square nzira yepakati uye contour arithmetic avhareji yepakati.
[Pakati pemutsara wenzira yakaenzana yesikwere] ndeyekuverenga mapoinzi akaunganidzwa munzira yekuyera nenzira shoma.
[Contour Arithmetic Avhareji Centerline] Mukati mehurefu hwesampuli, ita kuti nzvimbo yemakona epamusoro neyezasi epakati nepakati aenzane.
Tichingofungidzira, iwo mashoma makwere epakati ndiyo yakanaka yekutanga, asi zvinonetsa kuwana mune anoshanda mafomu. Naizvozvo, inowanzo tsiviwa ne arithmetic inoreva nzvimbo yepakati yemakona, uye tambo yakatwasuka ine chinongedzo inogona kushandiswa panzvimbo.
5 Iko kumeso kwepamusoro kunowanikwa sei?
Iko kuongororwa kwehukama hwepamusoro kwakabhadharwa zvakanyanya kutarisisa muindasitiri yekugadzira. Kuti udzidze kumeso kwepamusoro, muchina wakazvipira unodiwa, anoti:
Surface roughness yekuyera chiridzwa
Formtracer Avant akateedzana
Iyo yepamusoro roughness yekuyera muchina ndeyekuisa yakakwira-yekunzwa madhaimani stylus pamusoro penzvimbo, senge pikicha yegiramufomu. Ipapo iyo mikuru-mikuru uye diki-wavelength kusimba kweiyo mbiri inoparadzaniswa kubva kureba wavelength, ndiko kuti, chimbo chekuyera chinosvinwa nemagetsi.
Schematic dhizaini yeiyo stylus mhando pamusoro pehukama kuyera chiridzwa:
Mazhinji enzira dzakaringana uye dzakakwana dzepasirese ekuyera anoshandisa muchina wekuyera wakatsaurwa, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuti uite nekukurumidza uye nemutengo wakaderera mashandiro, iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa ruoko-rwakabata kit yekushandisa kuyera, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi:
Iyo yakashata yekuenzanisa pepa ndeye nickel-yakavakirwa sampuro inogadzirwa neelectroforming. Izvo zvakanaka kunesimbi kugadzirauye chishandiso chinobatsira kwazvo.
Paunenge uchishandisa, anoshanda anongoda kukwesha pamusoro penzvimbo yega yega yeboka nezvipikiri zvake, uye otarisa chinhu chepedyo pane chebasa chinofananidzwa. Vamwe vanhu vanozoshandisa aya mamodheru setafura yekutarisa, asi zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti ichi hachisi chiyero chemhando.
Roughness kuyera michina inogona kuita akasiyana mabasa, akasiyana ongororo nzira, uye zvakasiyana mutengo. Usati wasarudza iyo modhi, unogona kubvunza nyanzvi yekugadzira uye sarudza iyo yakakodzera kwazvo modhi zvinoenderana nezvaunoda.
Zvigadzirwa zvemuchinaSurface Roughness (Surface Roughness) ndiyo yatinoti kusanzwisisika kwepasi mukuyera kwedu kwemazuva ese, uko kunogona kunzwisiswa sekusaenzana kwenzvimbo dzakanaka uye nhongonya diki nemipata mumabasa ekugadzirisa zvigadzirwa.
Inowanzo rondedzerwa sediki diki pakati pemakomo maviri kana minwe yemupata (wave nzvimbo). Pakati pese, iyo nzvimbo yekumusoro iri mukati me1mm kana pasi. Iyo inogona zvakare kutsanangurwa seyero yeiyo micro-mbiri, inowanzozivikanwa seyemicro-kukanganisa kukosha. .
Kupfupisa, iwe unogona kunge uchitova neruzivo rwekuomarara, saka zvinotevera zvirimo ndezvimwe zvakadzama ongororo.
Isu tinowanzo tarisa hukasha neyekutanga. Nzvimbo yepamusoro pamusoro pechinhu chekutanga inonzi crest point, uye nzvimbo yepazasi iri pazasi peiyo yekutanga inonzi nzvimbo yekudyira. Ipapo kukwirira pakati pechigubhu uye muchimiro kunomiririrwa naZ, unova iwo mutaro pakati penzvimbo diki dzechigadzirwa. Isu tinoshandisa S kuratidza.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, saizi yeS kukosha inotsanangurwa mumatanho ekusimbisa emunyika:
S＜1mm inotsanangurwa seyakaomarara pamusoro
1â ‰ ¤Sâ ‰ mm10mm inotsanangurwa sekumuka kwepamusoro
China yenyika metrological verification standard inotaura kuti: pasi peyakajairika mamiriro, matatu ma paramita eVDA3400, Ra, Rmax anoshandiswa kuongorora kumeso kwekumusoro kweiyo ongororo, uye iyo yekuyera unit inowanzo kuratidzwa muna μm.
Hukama hweyero yekuongorora
Ra rinotsanangurwa sevhareji yeasvomhu kutsauka kweiyo curve (avhareji hukasha), Rz inotsanangurwa seyakaenzana kureba kwekusaenzana, uye Ry inotsanangurwa sehurefu hwakakwirira. Iyo yakakwira kukwirira mutsauko Ry yeiyo micro mbiri inomiririrwawo neRmax mune mamwe matanho.
Ndokumbira utarise kune tafura inotevera yehukama chaihwo pakati paRa naRmax:
fomu: Ra, Rmax paramende kuenzanisa (um)
2 Iko kumeso kwepamusoro kunoumbwa sei?
Iko kuumbwa kwepamusoro kurwisa kunokonzerwa nekugadziriswa kweiyo workpiece. Iyo yekugadzirisa nzira, iko iko kweiyo workpiece, uye maitiro acho ese maficha emufananidzo wepasi kukakama.
Semuenzaniso, kune madhayeti ekuyerera pamusoro pechikamu chakagadziriswa panguva yemagetsi kubuda machining.
Iyo yekugadzirisa tekinoroji uye izvo zvemukati zvezvikamu zvakasiyana, uye kunewo zvakare akasiyana misiyano mumicroscopic mamaki akasara pamusoro pezvikamu zvakagadziriswa, senge (density, kudzika, shanduko yechimiro, nezvimwewo).
3 Mhedzisiro yehukasha hwepamusoro pane yekushandira
Pfeka kuramba kwesebasa
Kufambisa kugadzikana
Kuneta simba
Ngura nemishonga
Kusimba
Bata kuomarara
kuyerwa kwakarurama
...
Kupfeka, kudziya kwakapisa uye kusagadzikana kwekubata, kuratidzika uye kuita kwemwaranzi, kuyerera uye gasi kuyerera kuramba, kuyerera kwazvino pane iwo conductor pamusoro, nezvimwe zvese zvichave nematanho akasiyana pesimba.
4 Kuongorora hwaro hwekupenga kwepamusoro
â ‘Kureba kwekuenzanisira
Kureba kwechikamu cheparamu imwe neimwe, kureba kwesampuli ndiko kureba kwetambo yekuongorora yekutarisa kumeso kwepamusoro. Kazhinji shandisa 0.08mm, 0.25mm, 0.8mm, 2.5mm, 8mm sehurefu hwehurefu pasi peiyo ISO1997 standard.
Kureba urefu
Inosanganisira yehurefu hweN. Iko kusanzwisisika kwepamusoro kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe chechinhu chemukati hakugone kunyatso kuratidza kwechokwadi kukosora parameter pane chirevo kureba, asi N sampling urefu hunodiwa kuti uongorore huso hwepamusoro. Pasi peiyo ISO1997 standard, iyo urefu hwekuyera kazhinji N yakaenzana ne5.
â ‘¢ Baseline
Iyo yekutanga ndiyo yepakati mutsetse weiyo mbiri yekuongorora roughness parameter. Kazhinji, pane mashoma square nzira yepakati uye contour arithmetic avhareji yepakati.
[Pakati pemutsara wenzira yakaenzana yesikwere] ndeyekuverenga mapoinzi akaunganidzwa munzira yekuyera nenzira shoma.
[Contour Arithmetic Avhareji Centerline] Mukati mehurefu hwesampuli, ita kuti nzvimbo yemakona epamusoro neyezasi epakati nepakati aenzane.
Tichingofungidzira, iwo mashoma makwere epakati ndiyo yakanaka yekutanga, asi zvinonetsa kuwana mune anoshanda mafomu. Naizvozvo, inowanzo tsiviwa ne arithmetic inoreva nzvimbo yepakati yemakona, uye tambo yakatwasuka ine chinongedzo inogona kushandiswa panzvimbo.
5 Iko kumeso kwepamusoro kunowanikwa sei?
Iko kuongororwa kwehukama hwepamusoro kwakabhadharwa zvakanyanya kutarisisa muindasitiri yekugadzira. Kuti udzidze kumeso kwepamusoro, muchina wakazvipira unodiwa, anoti:
Surface roughness yekuyera chiridzwa
Formtracer Avant akateedzana
Iyo yepamusoro roughness yekuyera muchina ndeyekuisa yakakwira-yekunzwa madhaimani stylus pamusoro penzvimbo, senge pikicha yegiramufomu. Ipapo iyo mikuru-mikuru uye diki-wavelength kusimba kweiyo mbiri inoparadzaniswa kubva kureba wavelength, ndiko kuti, chimbo chekuyera chinosvinwa nemagetsi.
Schematic dhizaini yeiyo stylus mhando pamusoro pehukama kuyera chiridzwa:
Mazhinji enzira dzakaringana uye dzakakwana dzepasirese ekuyera anoshandisa muchina wekuyera wakatsaurwa, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuti uite nekukurumidza uye nemutengo wakaderera mashandiro, iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa ruoko-rwakabata kit yekushandisa kuyera, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi:
Iyo yakashata yekuenzanisa pepa ndeye nickel-yakavakirwa sampuro inogadzirwa neelectroforming. Izvo zvakanaka kunesimbi kugadzirauye chishandiso chinobatsira kwazvo.
Paunenge uchishandisa, anoshanda anongoda kukwesha pamusoro penzvimbo yega yega yeboka nezvipikiri zvake, uye otarisa chinhu chepedyo pane chebasa chinofananidzwa. Vamwe vanhu vanozoshandisa aya mamodheru setafura yekutarisa, asi zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti ichi hachisi chiyero chemhando.
Roughness kuyera michina inogona kuita akasiyana mabasa, akasiyana ongororo nzira, uye zvakasiyana mutengo. Usati wasarudza iyo modhi, unogona kubvunza nyanzvi yekugadzira uye sarudza iyo yakakodzera kwazvo modhi zvinoenderana nezvaunoda.
