Kubaya uye kupaza kwetsikwa zvigadzirwainowanzo kuve yedanho rinotevera rekutepa kana mamwe maitiro. Nhevedzano yezvinetso senge kutsemuka, mabhureki, deformation, nezvimwewo zvinowanzoitika mukuita kwese flanging uye flanging. Muchokwadi, kurova uye kurova zvakapusa zviri nyore. Teerera kune aya mapoinzi kuti ubudise micheto yakanaka:

(1) mwero deformation of womukati mugomba flanging pamusorotsika yekutsikahaifaniri kunge yakanyanya kukura

Kubaya uye kurova-rova inzira yekurova iyo gomba rinoroverwa kumberi pane risina chinhu (dzimwe nguva rinogona kusabayirwa pamberi), uye yakatwasuka flange inoumbwa pamucheto pegomba. Iyo inotungamira uye yekumanikidza deformation yeiyo gomba inopururudza ndeyekuramba kushanduka kwechinhu ichi padivi peiyo tangential nzira, uye iko padyo padyo nemuromo, iko kukuru kushanduka uye nekuwedzera kuonda. Naizvozvo, kuremara kwegomba kumucheto kutsemuka kunoitika kuitika. Kuitira kudzivirira kumucheto kwegomba kubva kutsemuka, mwero wekushomeka kwemukati gomba rakapetana chikamu chekutsika haifanire kunge chakanyanya kukura. Kana iyo flanging kureba iri hombe, inogona kuganhurwa kuita akati wandei flangings.

(2) Iyo yekuyerera coefficient yekurova uye kubhenda haifanire kunge iri diki

Mukurova uye kubhabhama, dhigirii rekushomeka rinoratidzirwa neiyo ratidziro yemukova usati waenda kune iyo aperture mushure mekupunzika, ndiko kuti, coefficient inokwenenzverwa K. Zviripachena, iyo yakakura iyo K kukosha, idiki padanho rekushomeka, idiki iyo K kukosha, iyo yakakura padanho rekushomeka, uye zvakanyanya mukana wekumusoro kweiyo burr gomba kutsemuka. Iko kukosha kwakazara kweiyo dhigirii yepamusoro yekushomeka iyo inogona kuwanikwa pasina kutyora muganho wegomba panguva yekutsvedza unonzi unotenderwa muganho unokwana coefficient.

Kuitira kudzivirira kumucheto kutsemuka, iyo inoyerera coefficient yegomba rakapetana haifanirwe kunge iri diki, uye rinofanira kuve rakakura kupfuura muganho wekutenderera coefficient. Chigadzirwa chekugadzira chinoratidza kuti muganho wekutenderera coefficient haungowirirana chete nemhando uye mashandiro echinhu, asiwo nekugadzirisa zvivakwa uye mamiriro egomba rakagadzirwa (rakabvarurwa kana kubhakwa, riine kana risina burrs), iyo hukobvu hweiyo isina chinhu , uye chimiro chechimiro chinopenya, nezvimwewo chinhu chakabatana.

Iyo yakanyanya deformation degree (inozivikanwawo segomba rekuchera coefficient K) inoenderana nezvakawanda zvinhu, asi mune chaiko kugadzirwa kuverenga, iyo yakakwira kureba δ inogona kushandiswa kufungidzira muganho mugomba kuchera coefficient, uye mwero wekushanduka kweyakafanogadzirwa maburi anogona kushandiswa kutanga kutonga kuti kutsemuka kwekukanganisa kuchaitika. Iyo fomula iri seinotevera:

Munguva yekufinha (ona Mufananidzo 2), iyo yekushomeka nzvimbo inowanzo kuve nekukwirisa kushanduka uye kuonda munzira yekumisidzana, nepo iro redial deformation isiri hombe, saka nzira yakapfava yekukotamisa inogona kushandiswa kuchengetedza hurefu hwenzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera. kushanduka. Nheyo yacho ndeyokuona hupamhi hwegomba rakagadzirwa kare, uye fomula iri seinotevera:

Mune fomula, d iri dhayamita yegomba rakagadzirwa, D hupamhi hwenzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera yeiyo yakatwasuka divi mushure mekuchera, H ndiko kukwirira mushure mekuchera, r ndiyo nharaunda yeiyo fillet, uye t ndiko kukora kwezvinhu mm.

(3) The flanging Kukwirira chibhakeraing uye flanging hakufaniri kunyanya huru

Kureba kwekurova uye kubhabhadzira kunofanirwa kunge kusingave kwakakura kupfuura kukosha kwemuganhu, zvikasadaro, kumucheto kwekutamba kunenge kuri nyore kutsemuka. Kana kukwirira kwechikamu chakadhonzwa kuchidikanwa kuti kuve kwakakura kupfuura kukosha kwemuganhu, hakugone kuvezwa kwakapetana kamwechete. Panguva ino, kana iri gomba diki rinotenderera risina chinhu, rinoshambira riine madziro akatetepa rinofanirwa kushandiswa, senge yekuzvibaya-pora yekufuriza. Kana iri hombe hombe ichirovera, shandisa nzira yekudhirowa yakadzika, kubaya gomba repazasi uyezve kupuruzira.

Iyo gomba rinotendeuka kukwirira ndiyo main performance index yechikamu, uye fomula yemuganhu gomba rinotendeuka kukwirira inogona kutorwa kubva mufomula (1) uye fomula (2):

(4) Iyo pre-maburi ekurova uye kubhabhadzira haifanire kunge iine makuru burrs

IyokugadziraHunhu hwekurova uye kufembedza pre-gomba ine simba rakakura pamuganhu wekuyerera coefficient. Pre-maburi akasvinudzwa mushure mekuchera ane muganho mudiki wekuyerera coefficient, iyo inobatsira kuumburuka. Kune pre-maburi akaroverwa nechibhakera kufa, kana paine burrs, iyo muganho flanging coefficient yakakura, izvo zvisina kunaka kune flanging. Panguva ino, kana iyo inodiwa flanging coefficient iri diki, zviri nyore kwazvo kukonzera iyo flanging kutsemuka. Tora divi nemabhureki kumusoro, uye wozoita iyo inopwanya kudzora zvinoitika zvekutsemuka kutsemuka.

(5) Iyo fillet radius yekurova uye flanging chibhakera haifanire kunge iri diki

Nezve kubhabhadzira nemakomba akagadzirwa kare, iyo kona yekona yeiyo flanging chibhakera inofanira kunge yakakura sezvinobvira, zvakanyanya idenderedzwa kana parabolic. Nenzira iyi, gomba rekushandura simba idiki, uye gomba rekutendeuka mhando rakanakira.

(6) Mukaha uripakati pechibhakera uye kufa kwehomwe inoyerera hakufanirwe kunge kwakanyanya

Kuti udzivise kana kudzikisa shrinkage, mukaha uripo pakati pegomba rinotenderera convex uye concave kufa haifanire kunge rakanyanya kukura. Kana chakuvhuvhu mukaha iri rakanyanyisa kukura, izvo zvinhu hazvifambi famba padyo nekufa panguva yekuchinjika, zvichikonzera kuwanda kukuru, uye kusara kwekukotama deformation kunogona kuitika, izvo zvinokanganisa chimiro chekuchinja kwechikamu.

(7) Kana uchitendeuka gomba, ukobvu hwakamira padivi muromo haugone kufuratirwa

Pakushandura gomba, nzvimbo yekushomeka inongogumira mukati mediyasi refa. Pasi pechiito cheunidirectional kana bidirectional tensile kushushikana, iyo tangential elongation deformation yezvinhu munzvimbo yedhisheni yakakura kudarika iyo yekumesa compression deformation, zvichikonzera kune yakaonda zvinhu. Kuonda kwemupendero wekumusoro kwegomba ndiko kukuru. Kana ukobvu hwanyanya kutetepa uye kuwanda kwezvinhu kwakapfuura kukwirisa kwezvinhu, izvo zvinonzi p-kutsemuka (kutsemuka kunokonzerwa nekukwirisa uye kusakwana kwepurasitiki yezvinhu kunonzi Force anus rupture; kutsemuka kunokonzerwa nekunyanyisa kuita simba uye kusakwana kwesimba rezvinhu kunonzi kuputika). Kana uchibaya uye uchirovera padiki, iko kushoma kwekuyerera kwekukosha kweK K, iko kukura kweiyo deformation, uye hukuru hwemuromo wekumusoro wakaderedzwa, uye zviri nyore kupwanya. Naizvozvo, kutetepa kweiyo yakatwasuka pamuromo muromo ukobvu haugone kufuratirwa panguva yekuboora.