Kugadziramaburi akadzika akaomesesa ari kuramba achioma. Zvikamu zvinowanzoda zvimwe zvekuwedzera senge rakasimba kwazvo gomba kupedzisa, emukati makamuri, maburi dhayamita misiyano, mitsetse, zororo, shinda, uye kusiana kwegomba kutenderera. Kunyatso kuwana maburi akadaro ane kushushikana kwakanyanya hakudi kungova neruzivo rwakakura uye zviwanikwa zveR&D, asi zvakare hunyanzvi hweinjiniya, zvivakwa zvekushandisa, uye mukana wakakura wevatengi.


Deep Hole Kugadzira (DHM)
iri kirasi yemachina nzvimbo inodzorwa nemidziyo yakagadzirirwa zvishandiso zviripo. Maindasitiri mazhinji akasiyana anobatanidzwa mukudzika kwemakomba akadzika, asi mashandisirwo akapararira ari mumaindasitiri esimba uye emuchadenga. Pakutanga zvimwe zvakadzika gomba chikamu maficha anowanzoita kunge asingakwanise kuumbika, asi ari-akajairwa maturu ekugadzirisa mhinduro akagadzirwa nenyanzvi kwete chete kugadzirisa matanho maitiro asiwo kuona kuti vanoitwa neimwe nhanho yekugona uye isina kukanganisa maitiro.
Kuwedzera kudiwa kwemakomba akaomarara uye kudiwa kwekukurumidza kudzora nguva dzemuchina kwakabatsira mukuvandudzika kwemazuva ano kwakadzika mashini ekugadzira michina. Kwemakumi emakore, kuchera gomba rakadzika yave iri nzira inoshanda yemachining uchishandisa macarbide maturusi, asi pasi rinofinha rakatanga kubuda sebhodhoro.

Kubudirira mundima ino ikozvino kunowanzoenderana nemusanganiswa weyakajairwa uye akasarudzika maturusi zvinhu zvine ruzivo mukugadzira maturusi ehunyanzvi akadzika mashini machining. Aya maturusi akashongedzerwa neakawedzeredzwa, epamusoro-akanyatso shangi ane mabasa ekutsigira uye akasanganiswa ma reamers, uye akasanganiswa neyechangoburwa yekucheka kumucheto groove uye kuisa zvinhu, pamwe neyakajeka inotonhorera uye chip kudzora, izvo zvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinogona kuwanikwa ne yakakwira yekupinda mareti uye machining chengetedzo.
Mufananidzo 1 Chikamu chinomiswa pakadzika machina michina inoda kutanga gomba rakadzika kudzika uye kazhinji kazhinji akasiyana maitiro akaomarara. Kubudirira kwekudzika kwemakomba machining kunowanzoenderana nemusanganiswa wekujekesa uye zvakajairika chishandiso zvikamu zvine ruzivo rwekugadzira maturusi asiri emhando. Zvishandiso zvisina-mwero zvakadaro zvinoenderana neT-Max 424.10 chibooreso chikamu cheimwe-chubhu yekushandisa.
Mumakomba akadzika kuchera maburi madiki madiki pazasi pe1mm arimachine psacine carbide gundrills, asi yemakomba 15mm uye pamusoro, welded kumucheto madhiraivha anowanzo shandiswa, nepo kune maburi 25mm uye pamusoro, indexable yekuisa mabhureki anoshandiswa kune anoshanda kwazvo kuchera. Yemazuva ano indexable yekuisa tekinoroji uye kuchera chubhu masystem anopawo mikana mitsva yezvakakosha maturusi ekudzika gomba mashini.
Makomba anowanzoonekwa seakadzika kwazvo apo hudzamu hweburi hunodarika kagumi kuburi rehomba. Makomba akadzika anosvika kusvika mazana matatu paupamhi anoda hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji uye kushandiswa kweyechete kana maviri machubhu masisitimu kuitira kucherwa. Iyo yakareba nzira kusvika pasi pemakomba aya inoda hunyanzvi hwekufamba nzira, maturusi ekugadzirisa uye akakodzera akacheka mativi ekupedzisa makamuri, zororo, shinda uye maburi. Tsigiro yeplate tekinoroji ndiyo imwe nzvimbo yakakosha zvakare yakakosha mukudzika gomba rakadzika, uye ikozvino iri kuita kufambira mberi kwakakura sechikamu chegomba rakadzika rekugadzira michina. Izvi zvinosanganisira maturusi akakodzera akakodzera ndima ino inogona kupa kuita kwakakwirira.

Figure 2 In deep hole machining, small diameter holes up to 1mm aremachine psacusing carbide gundrills, but for holes 15mm and above, welded edge drills are commonly used, while for holes 25mm and above, indexable insert drills are used to perform these processes very efficiently in single tube systems and Ejector dual tube systems.
Maitiro Ekuita
NhasikugadziraZvinodikanwa zvinoda mhinduro yakatosiyana yekudzika gomba rekuchera (rinoteverwa neinoteedzana yega-yekupwanya nzira inofinha iyo inowanzo fanirwa kuitwa pane mimwe michina). Kunyangwe pamachina akawanda-ekumisikidza, kurovera kamwechete kunoda nzira iyi. Semuenzaniso, kumanikidza gomba rakadzika mamita akati wandei riine dhayamita inosvika 100 mm rinofanira kuvezwa pane kumwe kumucheto uye riine dhayamita hombe yekamuri yemukati inopinda zvakadzika mugomba. Kazhinji, kana kuchera kwapera, maficha aya anozowedzerwa mugomba kuburikidza neyakafinha maitiro mushure mekunge chikamu chaendeswa kune lathe. Yakadzika hole machining ikozvino inosanganisa kugona kwekutevera anoteedzana neimwe chishandiso uye hapana muchina kugadzirisa ganhuriro. Iyi nyowani yekushandisa tekinoroji yakasimudzira mashandiro ayo, ichibvumira mashandisirwo ekugadzirisa aya maficha anodikanwa mukati meimwe seti yezvipingamupinyi.
Muenzaniso weanobudirira chimiro machining uchishandisa yakadzika hole machining tekinoroji chikamu chekutsvaga kwemafuta. Izvo zvikamu zvakapetwa ne2,5m kureba uye zvine huwandu hwakaomarara maficha ane kushivirira kwakasimba. Kuti uwane madiki shiviriro uye yakanakisa pamusoro pekupedzisa, iyo yekushandisa mhinduro inotanga kusanganisira kuchera gomba re 90mm dhayamita, ichiteverwa neyeyangarara reamer yekupedzisa. Ipapo ichisvika pakadzika kwe1.5m, iyo 115mm dhayamita gomba rakadzoreredzwa ndokugadzirwazve zita. Kumwe kupatsanurwa kunopinda mugomba panenge pakati nepakati, uyezve kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa kunoitwa, uye iko kugadzirwa kunopedzwa nekumenya. Chekupedzisira, kunofinha uye kudzoreredza kunoitwa kuita maviri chamfered (zvakare akadzoreredzwa kusvika apedza saizi) makamuri.
IyoDeep Hole Kugadzira Global Center yakajairika yakadzika hole machining chishandiso inounza isiri-yakajairwa kuraswa mhinduro inokodzera ino simba indasitiri chikamu. Nguva yekucheka yakawedzerwa kubva anopfuura maawa makumi matatu kusvika pa7 nehafu maawa. Iyi isiri-yakajairwa tooling mhinduro inopa iyo diki shiviriro uye pamusoro pekupedzisa kunodiwa mukati meyakaomeswa gomba. Maitiro acho anosanganisira imwechete yakadzika gomba kuchera uye kupedzisa neyakayerera reamer. Shure kwaizvozvo, kudzika kwe1.5m kwakasvikwa uye iro gomba re115mm dhayamita rakamiswa kuti riitwezve uye reaming. Ipapo kudzoreredzwa uye kudzoreredzwa kwechikamu chipfupi mune rimwe gomba rakadzika chinomiswa uye chamfer inogadzirwa. Pakupedzisira, iyo inofinha uye reaming inomiswa kuti iite maviri chamfered (zvakare akadzoreredzwa kune apedza saizi) makamuri.
Kune echinyakare machining, iyo nguva inodiwa yekupedzisa chikamu ichi pamushini inodarika maawa makumi matatu. Mhinduro yakadzika-gomba ine akakosha maturusi inogona kudzora nguva kusvika maawa 7.5.

Mufananidzo 3

Kubudirira kunowanikwa
Zvakanyatsosiyana kubva kune akawanda clamping mashandiro, iko kushandiswa kwemachina akadzika-gombatekinoroji inobvumidza kugadzirwa kuwana kunyange neakakura mabatch. Hazvishamise kuti nguva dzekucheka dzinogona kudzikiswa kusvika pamakumi masere muzana. Muenzaniso wekuratidzira kugona kugona kwetekinoroji yekushandisa mune chishandiso uye kuisa dhizaini yekuwedzera yekucheka kumucheto mutoro kuchengetedzeka. Mutoro kuenzanisa uye wakakwidziridzwa wekucheka chiito pane yakasarudzika nhamba yekuisa inobvumira yakakwira yekupinda mareti uye nekudaro ipfupi yekugadzira nguva. Panyaya yekurongeka, madiki maresitoreti ndiwo akakosha mune yakadzika hole machining, uko 70% yemakomba ane macomputer emukati akasimba ane chaiwo mamirioni e0,2 mm uye 20 micron dhayamita shiviriro.
Makomba akadzika abva pakati pepakati
Mumwe muenzaniso wezvakakura zvinoda maturusi nekushandisa kuziva-sei kana kuchera gomba kuri kugadzirwa kwemakomba akadzika kwazvo mumakomba emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi. Mune ino kesi, nyanzvi yekugadzira magetsi Generpro aifanirwa kumema 90-ton simbi yakakwenenzverwa ine gomba riine 5.5 m kureba uye inopfuura 100 mm dhayamita nenzira isingaenzanisike kune shaft yepakati. maburi akadzika akadaro anofanirwa kucherwa pakona uye anofanirwa kubuda aine mamirire masere e8 mm kana pasi.
Kuchera maitiro, chip kuputsa uye chip kubviswa, uye zvachose isina-isina-pre-machined shaft yakakosha kune ichi chishandiso. Mushonga wekushandisa unosanganisira chidimbu chakakosha uye ndiro nyowani yekutsigira. Kuchera bvunzo kunoitwa pamberi pekushandisa pane shaft, uye mhedzisiro inosimbisa kugona kukuru uye kuvimbika - uye nzvimbo yekubuda iri mukati me2,5 mm yechinangwa.
Iyouse of tekinoroji yazvino unomune dzakawanda zviitiko zvakaratidza kudzikisira kwakakosha mukugadzira nguva - kubva kumaawa mazhinji kusvika isingasviki awa rimwe - uye kwagadzira akawanda akaomarara maficha anogona kuchinjika futi.