Burrs agara ari "dambudziko" rechikamu vagadziri, uye havazi ivo chete chinhu chinogona kuve dambudziko. Dzimwe nguva zvikamu zvinofanirwa kuve nemipendero yakapinza, isingaenderere mberi, uye dzimwe nguva ivo vanodikanwa kuve nemakombero akapoteredzwa neakatarwa mativi echokwadi. Pamusoro pezvo, maitiro ekupukunyuka haafanire kukuvadza huso hwepedyo, shandura ruvara rwechikamu kana kuisa oxides kana zvimwe zvinhu pane chikamu chechikamu.

Many chikamu vagadziri are looking for more cost-effective deburring methods, more precise edge trimming processes, faster processing speeds and less negative impact. However, the complexity of the part combined with the difficult material properties often make deburring a difficult challenge. Some manufacturers must remove burrs quickly and completely. For example, to match the part's production rhythm and avoid slowing down the production line, many automotive chikamu vagadziri must completely deburr a part in less than four seconds. Other chikamu vagadziri aim to ensure that part edges have precise and repeatable geometry.

Heano gumi eanonyanya kunetsa kuita maitiro uye nzira dzinoshandiswa kuwana budiriro, kunyange hazvo dzese nzira idzi dzekukanganisa dzingave nekukanganisa kwerumwe rudzi kana rwumwe.

(1) Anoumba Zvinhu

Zvinoumba zvikamu zviri pakati pezvakanyanya kunetsa kuita deburr. Zvimwe zvinoumbwa zvine simbi mbiri, nepo dzimwe (dzakadai semabhodhi edunhu) dzine matunhu akasiyana epurasitiki, ceramics nesimbi. Mimwe michina yemuchadenga (yakaita kabhoni fiber / aruminiyamu chinoumbwa) ine simba rakanyanya kwazvo / huremu hwehuremu, asi mativi enhengo dzendege anofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya kuti chengeteke nendege.

Iwo akavhurika mativi ezve multilayer composites (kureva, nzvimbo dzakafumuka kumusoro nekuzasi) dzinonyanya kubatwa nekutsemuka, kushushikana kwakanyanya, delamination peeling, kunyorova kunyorova, kuramba uchipfeka, uye ngura yemakemikari. Ese aya matambudziko anogona kukanganisa hupenyu kana kuita kwechigadzirwa. Kupokana, kune rumwe rutivi, kune mikana yezvose zvinokonzeresa uye kudzivirira kana kunatsiridza aya matambudziko.


Mufananidzo 1 Kubata chikamu chemubatanidzwa chine zvikamu zvinomwe zvezvinhu kunonetsa zvakanyanya

Kuti uwane chinogamuchirwa chikamu chemakona nenzvimbo, chimwe nechimwe chinhu muchikamu chinoda kurapwa zvakasiyana. Naizvozvo, maitiro akanakisa ekuvandudza hunhu hwechinhu chimwe anogona kukuvadza vamwe.

Kune mumwezve, wakawedzera musoro mubvunzo: Chii chinogadzirisa micheto kana uchigadzirisa akasiyana matunhu echinhu? Izvo zvinowanzo gamuchirwa kuti pamupendero ndiyo contour inoonekwa pane yekunze nzvimbo. Nekudaro, pazvinhu zvinoumbwa, shanduko yega yega kubva kune imwe nhete yezvinhu ichienda kune imwe inogona kuita mupendero. Nekudaro, zvigadzirwa zvinoumbwa zvinogona kuve nezvakawanda zvemukati micheto, uye yega yega pamupendero inogona kuve yakakosha mukuita kwechigadzirwa.

Kana uchiongorora zvinhu zvinoumbwa, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvivakwa zvezvakasiyana zvinhu mune zvinoumbwa uye izvo izvo zvinodiwa nemhando yemushandisi pane yega yega interface kuitira kudzikisira burr. Kunyangwe paine panogona kuve nemashini ekugadzirisa / ekupedzisa maitiro ayo anogona kusangana zvese nehunhu hunodiwa, maitiro akanakisa anofanirwa kunyatsosarudzwa kubva pakati pawo.

Chishandiso chakakodzera kwazvo chinofanirwa kusarudzwa kuitira maitiro ekugadzirisa, izvo zvinoda kubatana kwepedyo nemugadziri wezvishandiso kuti utore mukana wakazara webazi ravo. Uye zvakare, yakanakisa mamiriro ekucheka anofanirwa kushandiswa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvidimbu zvezvinhu hazviite delaminate uye kubvisa.

(2) Makomba akayambuka

Makomba ekuyambuka anogadzira mativi-matatu emadziro echimiro, uye hwakasiyana hukobvu uye kukwirira kweiyo burr panzvimbo imwe neimwe pamharadzano yetsetse zvinoreva kuti maitiro anodonhedza anoenderana nehukuru hwakaenzana burr inogona kunge isingashande.

Pamusoro pekushandisa maturusi ekushandisa nemaoko uye zvishandiso zvine hunyanzvi, kupisa kwemafuta inzira inokoshesesa yezvikamu zvakawanda zvesimbi zvine maburi ekuyambuka, kusanganisira maburi madiki ehupamhi. Kana pamusoro pekupedzisa maburi emuchinjikwa zvichidikanwa, iyo electrochemical deburring nzira uye iyo extrusion inokudza hasha kuyerera maitiro akagadzirwa naKennametal inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuwana yepamusoro mhando micheto pane ingangoita chero chikamu gadziriso. Pamakomba akakura emuchinjikwa, deburring inogona kuitwa nekukasira uye nemazvo uchishandisa iribho-rakazadza rabha kana mapepa slug-mhando maturusi.


Mufananidzo 2 Kufananidza kwenzvimbo dzinoyambuka-gomba pamberi (kuruboshwe) uye mushure (kurudyi) kurapwa nechishandiso chinoburitsa

Deburring inova inonetsa kana gomba dhayamita risingasviki 3.175 mm uye kudzika kuri kukura zvakapetwa kagumi dhayamita, nekuti maturusi akawanda kana maturusi anonetsa kupinda mune aya maburi akadzika uye madiki. Semuenzaniso, kuburitsa rakadzika muchinjikwa-gomba mune yemotokari injini crankshaft kwakanyanya kuomarara, uye kumhanya kunodiwa pakubhururuka pakumhanyisa mhanyisa kunoita kuti zvinyanye kuoma, sezvo kusekesa kwese kunofanirwa kuitwa mumasekondi mana kana mashoma.

(3) Kutamisa dzimba

Imotokari yekufambisa kesi iri yakaoma "maze" yezvikamu zvakamanikana, uye mabhureki anowanzo kuveko kune yega divi reaya akagadzirwa machira. Ndima dzakaomarara dzinoita kuti zviome kunetsa kubvisa zvachose mabhureki aya. Anokwesha-akazadza nylon mabhurashi uye mamwe marudzi emabhurashi anogona kusvika pasi pemucheto uye kubvisa iyo burr nekufamba uchidzoka nekumberi pamusoro pemupendero. Iyo imwechete nzira yekutsikitsira inoshandiswa kumakiromita akapetwa pane mota injini mabhuroko ayo anoyera mazana emasendimita.


Mufananidzo 3 Brasive-yakazadza nylon mabhurashi anonyatso bvisa mabhureki kubva panzira nhete mune otomatiki ekuparadzira dzimba

(4) Yakabatana impeller yejet injini

Iyo impeller disc chinhu chakakosha chejeti turbine injini ine akati wandei mapfupi turbine mashizha. Iyo yakazara impeller inowanzo gadzirirwa yakanangana kubva kune imwechete yeku forging, pachinzvimbo chekugadzira iwo wega mapaza zvakasiyana uye kuasanganisa iwo munzvimbo imwe neumwe, uyezve kupedzisa iyo impeller. Chinyorwa chinoshandiswa kugadzira ma impellers is hot-resistant super alloy inokwanisa kumira netembiricha ye1650 ° C, inova yakaoma zvinhu kumuchina.

Aya madhisiki akakosha anofanirwa kunge aine chimiro chaicho kuti agadzire kufefetera kwemhepo, uye rimwe nerimwe pamupendero rinofanira kunge risina chahunopomerwa, zvichireva kusununguka kwemabhureki uye rinokwanisa kuumba yakatarwa curvature (iyo inogona kusiyana kubva pamutsara kuenda kumutsara wemashizha). Kubata kwema Robotic kwezvidimbu zvebasa pamwe neCCC machining zvirongwa zvinodzora burr chizvarwa zvinopa mhinduro yakanakisa yekusangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya.

(5) Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) resin

Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwepanyama, makemikari inertness, uye biocompatibility, PEEK inoshandiswa mune akasiyana maindasitiri senge nzvimbo yemuchadenga uye ekurapa zvigadzirwa. Nekudaro, zvakagadziriswa PEEK zvikamu zvinowanzo siya minhenga-yakatetepa mabhureki, uye vazhinji vagadziri vanoona zvichinetsa kubvisa aya mabhureki pasina kukanganisa chikamu chekupera kwechikamu, kukura, ruvara nezvimwe zvinodiwa.

Patrick Byrne, mutengesi wekutengesa uye wekushambadzira weComco, mugadziri wemidziyo inokonzeresa yekuparadza, anotsanangura kuti kunyangwe hazvo zvakaoma kubvisa mabhureki kubva pazvikamu zvePEEK nematurusi madiki, micron-saizi nyoro inopwanya inogona kushandiswa kubvisa PEEK burrs pakakwirira inomhanya isingavhiringidzi iyo geometry uye pamusoro pekupedzisa kwezvikamu zvakaoma. Iyo yakaderera-tembiricha kudonha maitiro inogona zvakare kuve inoshanda mukubvisa ekunze mabhureki kubva kune mamwe PEEK mativi.


Mufananidzo 4 Kubviswa kwemabhureki pazvikamu zve PEEK

(6) Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene)

Zvikamu zveTeflon zvinowanzove nemabhureki ayo akaoma kubvisa, ayo anochinja kana abviswa, uye mabhureki anokombama kana akaiswa sandblasted. Kiyi yekubvisa mabhureki aya kushandisa chishandiso chakapinza zvakanyanya kana kufanogadzira-gadzira chikamu chisati cheka kana sandblasting. Frozen Teflon zvikamu zvishoma zvakaoma uye zvinogona kudzivirira kana kudzikisira burr kugadzirwa panguva yekugadzira. Maitiro akafanana anoshanda kune mamwe akawanda epurasitiki, asi kana kuchitonhora, tembiricha chaiyo inofanira kusarudzwa kudzivirira kukuvadza chikamu.

(7) Shinda

Rinimachina tambo, burrs inogona kugadzirwa pamusuwo nekubuda kwegomba rakamisikidzwa. Aya mabhureki anowanzo kuve ari pamativi epamusoro ezino rakamonerwa uye kumucheto kweiyo groove. Burr pakutanga nekupera kwetambo yakanyanya kupfuura iya iri pamusoro peshinda uye iri pane ndege dzakasiyana. Naizvozvo, imwe chete deburring maitiro kazhinji haigone. Kumonera batch kupedzisa kunogona kubvisa imwe burr pane tambo, asi kwete pamusoro peiyo shinda.

Nekuda kwekugona kwayo kubvisa imwe burr, kutenderera kwacho kuchiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya, asi chengetedzo inofanira kutorwa kudzivirira burr marara kubva kusiiwa mune tambo groove, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa panguva yegungano. Manual deburring, electrochemical deburring uye SurfTran thermal deburring maitiro anoshanda kwazvo kune ese tambo burrs.


Muonde

Rinidesigning parts to be more tolerant of burrs can also solve some problems. The thread rolling process can produce perfect burr-free threads. In addition, thread grinding is also effective in preventing larger burrs.

(8) Ndege bapiro rebhuru zvikamu

Kuti udzikise huremu hwendege iyo ichawedzera mutengo wemafuta, akawanda masisitimu eiyo airframe ane akati wandei ezororo. Izvo zvakagadziriswa zvikamu zvinowanzo kuve zvakapetwa-zvine masvingo, uye chero kukombama, kukwenya, kana zvimwe zvikanganiso zvinogona kukonzera kuti zvikamu zvikundikane, sezvo zvikamu izvi zvakamanikidzwa zvichizoshandiswa panhandare kwemakumi emakore, uye zvido zvavo zvekuchengetedza zvine hungwaru zvakanyanya. Icho chokwadi chekuti mazhinji emazororo akadzika uye anogona zvakare kuve nezvinodiwa zvepamusoro pamadziro epasireti kumeso zvinoita kuti kuita kunetsa kuitike.

Vibratory makorari chinhu chinowanzo shandiswa deburring maitiro, asi zvinoda kushandiswa kwemakorari makorari michina. Brush deburring ndiyo nzira inosarudzika, iyo inoshambidza iyo burrs nepo workpiece yakasungirirwa kumushini. Chinokosha cheichi chiitiko ndechekusarudza yakakodzera brashi waya waya chimiro, yakamisikidzwa abrasives, bhurasho waya waya uye ekugadzirisa parameter.

(9) Micro michina zvikamu

Kugadzira zvidimbu zvidiki (senge magiya madiki, tsvimbo dzakatetepa uye mapapiro ekupukunyuka) kwagara kuri chinetso chakaoma, zvikamu izvi zvinoda mabhureji asina burr pasi peiyo 30x maikorosikopu uye nharaunda yakatsetseka isingasviki 0.025 mm. nhasi, zvidimbu zvidiki zvinofanirwa kuve zvidiki muhukuru, kuonda muukobvu, zvakagadzirwa muhuwandu kubvira kubva kune mashoma kusvika kumamirioni, uye mune dzakasiyana siyana zvekushandira zvishandiso zvaisambofungidzirwa. Zvidimbu zvidiki kukura uye kushivirira, zvinoda zvakanyanya kumucheto mhando, uye kunetsekana kwekugadzira michina yemhando yepamusoro titanium, chimiro chendangariro alloys, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva munesimbi nemapurasitiki zvinowedzera kuomesa kumucheto kupedzisa kwema micro zvikamu.

Chemical deburring, electrolytic polishing, centrifugal roller kudonha uye manyore deburring anoshanda kune akawanda madiki zvikamu, asi dzimwe nguva, mhinduro chete ndeiyi: kudzivirira kuumbwa kwemabhureni munzvimbo dzinonetsa zvakanyanya. Iyo Micro-stamping indasitiri ingangodaro iri yakanakisa muenzaniso yekushandiswa kweiyi burr-yemahara yekugadzirisa nzira. Mhinduro dzakagadziriswazve kugadziriswa kwemalaser yezvikamu zvidiki, senge burr-yemahara kugadzirisa pane zvakawanda zvinhu zvine picosecond uye femtosecond lasers. Saizvozvowo, vatungamiriri muindasitiri yekugadzira microforming vapedza nguva yakati rebei vachiedza kuyedza maficha emvura mune zvidiki zviumbwa uye kudzikisa huwandu hwenzvimbo dzinogadzirwa pazvidimbu zvidiki. Kunyangwe chiyereso chinogona kubviswa nekukurumidza neraser, kubata nechimwe chikamu chinotora nguva nemari zvinogona kushandiswa kumwe kunhu.

(10) Zvishandiso zvidiki zvekurapa

Chigadzirwa chechigadzirwa chekurapa ndiyo imwe nzvimbo ine yakanyanya deburring zvinoda. Semuenzaniso, mushure mekugadziriswa kwemalaser kweascular stents, "laser burrs" (tsvina yesimbi yakanyungudutswa, kunyatsoita) inogona kubviswa zvinobudirira kubva kumucheto kwesentent nekukwirisa nemagetsi. Zvimwe zvekushandisa zvekurapa zvinoda kuiswa mumuviri (senge zvipenga zvepfupa, zvigadzikiso zvekugadzirisa, zvigadziri uye zvigadziriro zvekutonga) zvinofanirwawo kunge zvisina mabhureki ekudzivirira matumbu esimbi kuwira mumidziyo yeropa uye kupinda mukati memwoyo, pamwe zvinogumbura kana kutema nyama yakapoteredzwa. Mushure mekupererwa nedanho, micheto yechigadzirwa inofanirwa kuvhiyiwa uye kunyatso shambidzwa. Sezvo izvi zvishandiso kana mapendero anogona kungove akakura zvishoma pane hupamhi hwebvudzi remunhu, kuongororwa kwakasimudzwa kunodiwa kuona kana mabhureki aripo.


Mufananidzo 6 Kudzivirira zvidimbu zvesimbi kupinda muropa
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kudyara kwevanhu (semuenzaniso, pfupa sikuru mumufananidzo) haina chero burrs

Uye zvakare, microsurgical michina ine zvinyatso kudikanwa zvemucheto mhando. Iyo micheto yezviridzwa zvekuvhiya inofanirwa kuve yakajeka, yakati sandara uye isina burr, iyo inoda zvakanakisa zvakanyanya kumucheto kupedzisa pane iwo madiki mativi. Saizvozvo, mabhakitiriya uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvinofanirwa kubviswa kubva pachiridzwa pamusoro.

Kushanda kwakaringana kwezvikamu kunotarisana nematambudziko akasiyana siyana, asi kunyangwe kunonetsa kwazvokugadzirisa zvinodiwainogona kusangana nemaitiro akakodzera ekugadzirisa uye maturusi.