Kutsika kunofainoda kugadzirwa ine inonzwisisika nzira yekuongorora kuti udzivise magadzirirwo akaremara ayo anotungamira kufa kufa kuraswa. Iko hakuna unoshanda dhizaini ipfupi, maitiro ekudzivirira maitiro kusakwana?



Kutanga, kupfugama kona yekona haifanire kunge yakanyanya kukura


Workpiece yakakotama, kuwedzera kune deformation yeplastiki, ichiperekedzwa neyakagadziriswa deformation, iyo chiitiko chekudzokerera. Naizvozvo, kona yechikamu chakakungwa haifanire kunge chakanyanya kukura. Zvikasadaro, iyo yekukotamisa kona yakadzikama haigone kuvimbiswa.

Chechipiri, iyo yakakombama kona yekona haifanire kunge iri diki


Kukotamisa angle R idiki zvakanyanya nyore kutungamira kune yekunze yakaturikidzana ye fiber kudhonza kutsemuka. Kune yakaderera kabhoni simbi, iyo shoma inokombama kona yeinenge 1.0T; ndarira nealuminium, iyo yakadzika yekukotamisa kona ingangoita 0.6T; nokuti kabhoni simbi, kushoma vakakotamisa angled anenge 1.5T.

Chechitatu, kukotama kwakatwasuka haifanire kunge kuri kushoma


Kuti uve nechokwadi cheiyo workpiece yakakotama, kupfugama zvigadzirwa yakatwasuka kumucheto kukwirira h haifanire kunge iri diki, inofanirwa kuve yakakura kudarika kana kuenzana neiyo shoma yekukotama kukwirira hmin. h â ‰ ¥ hmin = r + 2t fomula: r - kukotama kona t - kukotama kweplate kukora

Chechina, kukotama pamucheto chinhambwe kubva pagomba daro hakufanire kuve kushoma


Kana uchikotama blanks nemakomba, iyo gomba kumucheto chinhambwe haifanire kunge iri diki. Kana iyo gomba iri padyo padyo nekukombama, chimiro chegomba chinoshanduka kana chakakombama. Kubva pamucheto wemakomba kuenda kudivi rekukotama kwedaro L, L rinofanirwa kuenderana neiyo inotevera fomula: apo t <2, L â ‰ ¥ r + t kana t â ¥ 2, L â ‰ + r + 2t fomula: R - vakafugama angled; t - pakukora kwechikamu chakakotama.

Chechishanu, chimiro chakakombama uye saizi ye symmetry haifanire kusiyana zvakanyanya


Kudzivirira kushanduka, kukwirira kwezvikamu zvakakombama hakufanirwe kusiyana zvakanyanya. Chimiro uye saizi yezvikamu zvakakotama zvinofanirwa kunge zvakaenzana sezvinobvira, kana zvisina kudaro kumagumo madiki kuchaburitsa kukanganisa kwakamonyaniswa. Kana izvi zvikakonzera mukugadzirwa kwekunetseka kugadzirisa, zvinofanirwa kuona kuti: h> r + 2t fomula: h - kukwirira kwedivi diki; R - vakakomberedza vakakomberedza; t - iyo yakakotama chidimbu cheplate ukobvu.

Chechitanhatu, iyo yekukombama yemuno haifanire kufuratira chibhakera chichidzikisa gomba slot


Mukukomberedza kwemuno kwechikamu chemupendero, kuitira kuti ufunge pamharadzano nekuda kwekushushikana uye kubvarura, haifanire kufuratira chibhakera chekutanga kudzikisa maburi, kucheka maburi, kana kukombama mutsara kusimuka kune imwe nhambwe.


Zvinomwe, mupendero wakamanikana wekukotama haufanire kufuratira maitiro akatemwa


Yakamanikana divi kukotama, iyo deformation nzvimbo yemuchinjikwa-chikamu chechimiro ichamonyaniswa, ndiko kuti, hupamhi hwenzvimbo yemukati inova yakafara, hupamhi hwekunze hwekunze hunova hushoma. Kana hwendefa hupamhi b <3t (t yeiyo ukobvu hweplate), kunyanya pachena.
Kana hupamhi hwenzvimbo dzakakombama b dzakanyanya kunyatsoita zvinodiwa, usatendera kubhururuka kwechiitiko, haifanire kufuratira iyo yakakombama mutsara pamberi kuti igadziremaitiro incision.

Rusere, iyo yekukotama maitiro haigone kufuratira iyo rebound


Vakafugama mapurasitiki deformation uye kwakavharwa nenyama deformation panguva imwe chete. Kana mutoro wekunze wabviswa, iyo yakasununguka deformation inonyangarika, zvichikonzera kuwedzera. Kukwidziridzwa kukosha uye zvinhu zvivakwa, iyo hama inokombama nharaunda r / t, kukotamisa kona uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Iyo yakakwira iyo goho poindi yeiyo yezvinhu, idiki iyo modulus ye elasticity E, idiki iyo r / t, iyo yakakura iyo kona yekukotama, iyo yakakura iyo rebound. Kuti uone kuve kwechokwadi kweiyo workpiece, kukotama hakugone kufuratira rebound.
Inowanikwa kugadzirisa chakuvhuvhu, iko kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeye rebound gwara, iyo yemuno kuwedzera munzira yehutatu mbabvu yekudzora rebound, inogona zvakare kushandiswa kudzikisira swing block concave mold mamiriro rebound.

Pfumbamwe, iyo yakakombama nharaunda yeiyo workpiece haigone kushandisa yakajairika nzira yekukombama


Kune iyo yakakombama nharaunda yezvikamu, haigone kushandisa yakajairika nzira yekukombama. Zvikasadaro, nekuda kwekukura kwayo kwakakura kwekutenderera hakugone kuwana chinodiwa chimiro uye saizi, panguva ino iyo iripo dhonza nzira yekukotama.
Usati wakombama jira pamwe neaxial tension, iyo data kuitira kuti kushushikana mukati mechikamu chisina chinhu kuve kwakati kurei pane poindi yezvinhu, wozokotama mukukonana panguva imwe chete.

Gumi, kukombama kwezvikamu zvakaomarara-zvakaumbwa hakugone kuve panzvimbo imwe


Kune yakaoma chimiro chekukotama zvikamu, haigone kukombama mukukotama, uye kudikanwa kwekukombama kwakawanda uye kuumba. Nheyo yekurongeka kwebasa kurongeka kukotamisa kona yekunze. Mushure mekukombama kwechipiri hakukanganise iyo yapfuura kukotama chikamu cheiyo deformation. Huwandu hwekukombama hunogona kuve kaviri, katatu, kana kutopfuura.


Gumi nerimwe, pamupendero wechikamu chakakotama haifanire kunge paine mukaha


Edge chikamu chechecheche chakakotama zvikamu, kana gwanza mune risina chinhu richabayirwa kunze, kupfugama kunowoneka kwakatemerwa, uye mumatambudziko akakomba haigone kuumbwa. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuti usiye kubatana kune iyo gap, kuve wakakomberedzwa kuita chimiro uye ipapo kubatana kuchabviswa.

Gumi nembiri, chimiro chekukombama kufa hachigone kufuratira chisina kukwana


Muvachikotama maitiro, iyo offset chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa kurongeka kweiyo workpiece, saka isati yatanga kukombama, iyo isina chinhu inofanirwa kuve chikamu cheyakavimbika yakagadziriswa muchikamu cheforoma kudzivirira kukanganisa kana kukotama.
Makomba muchikamu anofanirwa kushandiswa kumisikidza zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Kana zvikamu zvacho zvisingawanikwe maburi, saka chimbofunga maitiro emamiriro ekumira.


Gumi netatu,vakafugama muforomamamiriro haafanire kugadzira izvo zvinhu muforoma kuita yakakura yemuno kuonda uye kukwenya


Vakafugama vanofa vanofanira kucherechedzwa pakuita chakuvhuvhu vachikotama chete muchikamu kuona nzvimbo yacho vachikotama mutsetse. Iyo isina chinhu haifanire kugadzira yakakura yemuno kuonda uye kukwenya.
Kukotama uchishandisa chimiro cheruboshwe, chinzvimbo chekukotamisa mutsetse kukona yekunze C mune yekukombama iri kuchinja, kutanga panzvimbo B, uye pakupedzisira kunongedza C, kuitira kuti chimiro chekona yekunze yechikamu hachisi inobvumidzwa, ruoko rwakatwasuka chikamu kutetepa.

Gumi nemana, chimiro cheforoma hachifanirwe kutadzisa uye kudzivirira chisina chinhu mukuvhara kwekutenderera kweforoma uye kufamba


Vakafugama chakuvhuvhu mamiriro vanofanira kufunga blank ari vakafugama of kutenderera nzvimbo, haagoni kudzivirira uye kudzivirira blank kuti kufamba uye tenderera, zvikasadaro zvichaita kukanganisa chimiro uye kukura workpiece. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kune chimiro cheyakaomarara yakawanda-kona kukotama.


Gumi neshanu, iyo yekukotama workpiece haifanire kushandiswa mune diki modulus yekusimba kwechinhu


Iyo saizi yekukombama rebound uye zvinhu modulus zvekusimba zvakaenzana. Diki modulus yekusimba kwechinhu mushure mekushomeka kwekudzikama kwekudzora, haifanire kushandiswa mukukotama maitiro.
Iyo imwechete goho poindi yechinhu, iyo yakasununguka modulus yezvinhu mushure mekushomeka kwekusimudza kupora iri diki. Yakave yakasimudzwa yakaderera kabhoni simbi pane yakapfava manganese yendarira yakakodzera kukombama workpiece zvinhu.

Gumi nenhanhatu, kukotamisa workpiece hakufanirwe kushandiswa kukotamisa zvinhu zvine goho repamusoro


Iyo saizi yekukombama rebound yakaenzana kune iyo goho muganho wezvinhu. Yakakwira goho poindi yechinhu, iyo yakasununguka kupora mushure mekushanduka, haifanire kushandiswa mukukotama maitiro. Ndokunge, iwo mamwe modulus ekuomarara kwechinhu, goho repamusoro rezvinhu, rakapora kupora rakakura. Naizvozvo, inotonhora kuomesa simbi haifanire kushandiswa kukotama maitiro.

Gumi nemanomwe, yeiyo yakakombama radius uye arc angle zvakakura kwazvo zvakakombama zvikamu, hazvifanire kushandiswa kune zvakajairika nzira dzekukombama


Vakafugama nharaunda uye curvature angled zvakakura chaizvo vakafugama zvidimbu vanofanira akakungurusa (akakungurusa ndiro), uye havagoni kushandisa zvavo vakafugama nzira. Kutenderedza roll kunoiswa pane rakanyorwa mu2 kusvika ku4 rolls kuburikidza, neiyo roll roll, kuitira kuti iro rakakombama riite chimiro. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwechinzvimbo chematanho anogona kunyatso shandurwa maererano neslab, saka inogona zvakare kugadzirwa kuita quadrilateral, oval, uye chimwe chikamu chisiri chechitenderedzwa chezvidimbu zvakaumbwa.

Gumi nesere, kukombama kwehurefu hwezvinhu hakufanirwe kushandisa yakajairika nzira yekukombama


Yakareba tambo yezvinhu zvakakomberedza iyo longitudinal axis yekukombama inofanirwa kushandiswa kumonera kuumba uye haifanire kushandisa yakajairika nzira yekukombama. Roll yekugadzira inoiswa pamberi uye kuseri kwemutsara wakatarisana wemapoka akati wandei ekuumba ma roller kuburikidza.
Sezvo iwo ma roller anotenderera, iyo yekufukunura zvinhu inodyiswa kumberi panguva imwechete, uye wozokotamisa axial ichiumba. Roll yekuumba inokwanisa kugadzira zvikamu zvine yakaoma muchinjikwa-chikamu maumbirwo. Kugadzirwa kwemupumburu kuri nyore, mutengo wakaderera, uye hupenyu hwakareba.

Makumi nemapfumbamwe, akasiyana muchinjiko-chikamu zvikamu hazvifanire kushandisa yakajairwa roll kugadzira nzira


Anochinjika echikamu-chikamu chakatsatsanurwa zvikamu mune zvidiki uye zvepakati-saizi kugadzirwa, kuitira kudzikisa kudyara, roll roll inogona kushandiswa. Panguva ino, iyo inogadzira roller mukutenderera mukufamba kwenguva kwehuremu, asiwo kufamba kwekutevedzera kwekuteedzera.

Makumi maviri, pombi uye chimiro chakakombama hachifanirwe kushandiswa kune zvakajairika nzira dzekukombama


Kunyangwe hunhu hwekushomeka, pombi uye mbiri yekukombama uye sheet kukotama zvakafanana, asi maitiro uye kuoma kwemusiyano mukuru. Kukombama kwemapaipi uye maprofiles kunofanirwa kudzivirirwa kubva mukukotama deformation mukati mechikamu chisina chinhu chimiro kukanganisa.

Mukugadzira, iyo pombi uye mbiri yekukomberedza nzira senge yekukweva kukotama, kutenderera, kusundira kupfugama uye kupfugama kutenderera. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyoconvex kufa kwekudhonza kukotama, kutenderera kukombama kukombama, kusundidzira kukombama uye kukombama kutenderedza yakagadziriswa die, iyo yekushanda nzvimbo inofanirwa kuitwa kuti ienzane nechimiro cheiyo isina chinhu chikamu groove kudzivirira kutenderera kwechikamu uye chimiro kukanganisa. Kana zvichidikanwa, iyo chubhu inofanirawo kuwedzerwa kune inoenderana mandrel.